The sources claim that these chariots had no horses. Shishunag(412 B.C – 394 B.C) ▪ He was founder of dynasty and minister of the Udayin ▪ Dynasty lasted for two generation only ▪ He made Vaishali as capital, Kalasoka (394 to 366 B.C) ▪ He made capital Patliputra again ▪ 2nd Buddhist counsel in his reign ▪Last king of dynasty was Nandivardhan, ▪ Founder of this dynasty was Mahapadam Nand. The Buddha consoled him and told him that if his remorse was true, he would attain salvation in his next life. Its broad objective was to preserve the social order it ordained that people should obey their parents, pay respect to Brahmanas and Buddhist monks and show mercy to slave and servants. ▪ Tolls were also levied on commodities brought to town for sale and they were collected at gate. • Some historians maintain that it was the introduction of iron implements which enabled the people to clear the jungle and reclaim the fertile land of the eastern Gangetic plains and led finally to the rise of the powerful Maha Janapadas. • According to the Buddhist tradition, Mahapadma Nanda ruled about ten years. He was also known as ‘Devampriya’ i.e. This document is highly rated by UPSC students and has been viewed 6478 times. This factor gave a boost to trade and thus, helped in its rise. ▪ Ashoka is called ‘Buddhashakya in Maski edict and ‘Dharmasoka’ in Sarnath inscription. He built his capital on the rocky outcrop of Rajagriha or Rajgir, which is still a place of great pilgrimage for the Jains. ▪ He held that if people behaved well they would attain Swarga (heaven). In early Buddhist texts, Devadutta is often portrayed as a sly and selfish person. ▪ Bindusar asked Antiochus I of Syria to send some sweet wine, dried figs, and a Sophist. Magdha, with its capital at Pataliputra, was the headquarters of the entire kingdom. Magadha coin, c. 350 BCE|Wikimedia Commons. They were historic figures and they left behind parts of their large fort in the old Magadhan capital Rajgriha. For the first time, the whole of the subcontinent, leaving out the extreme south, was under imperial control. ▪ The Mauryan artisans also started the practice of hewing out caves from rocks for monks to live in. • It became the nerve centre of political activity in north India. ▪ The Northern Province, called Uttarapatha had Taxila as its capital. The Jaina traditions tell us that Udayan in turn was murdered at the behest of the ruler of Avanti. Equally remarkable are the lookout point known as Vulture’s Nest, the rock-cut caves and the ruins of the palace. He is said to have been a personal acquaintance of the Buddha. Art & Architecture ▪ The Mauryas introduced stone masonry on large scale. However, both religions claim him as their supporter and devotee. • The enormous wealth of the Nandas is also referred to in the Tamil Sangam work Ahananuru by the poet Mamulanar. These. ▪ Espionage = Sanstha and Sanchari Socail conditions ▪ Megasthenes in his Indies had mentioned 7 castes in Mauryan society. Its location at the centre of the highways of trade of those days contributed to its wealth. ▪ Tax collected from peasants varied from ¼ to 1/6 of Tolls was also levied on commodities brought to town for sale and they were collected at gate.

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