Despite the tensions within the family, they could hardly give her coming-of-age birthday a miss, and a grand banquet was held on the occasion at the Taj Mahal Hotel in Mumbai. She was only 29. They crowded the Allahabad railway station in multitudes. Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until Pakistan's independence on 14 August 1947, and then as Pakistan's first Governor-General until his death. 1940: Khwaja Hasan Nizami, a noted scholar in Delhi calls M.A. His own interests and pursuits - Muslim welfare, social issues, the question of home rule - were as serious and solemn as hers were floozie and feckless, connected to clothes, jewels, parties and foreign excursions. The Indian political leaders, Lal Krishna Advani and Jaswant Singh, belonging to the Bharatiya Janata Party, praised Jinnah. [17], Jinnah's own sister Fatima Jinnah, who had been a ward of Jinnah from age eight, since their father's death in 1901, was not amenable to the marriage either. On medical advice, Jinnah temporarily moves to a scenic place, Ziyarat near Quetta but he refuses to stop working. Ruttie demanded that her husband be in an incessant and continuous state of courtship, doting on her, pampering her and attending to her every need every moment of every day. Ayub Khan also gathered the support of the Ulama who were of the view that Islam does not permit a woman to be the head of an Islamic state. Additionally, Rattanbai Petit belonged to some of the most influential families of the subcontinent, the Petit family through her father, the Jinnah family through her marriage and her daughter Dina Wadia was married to the businessman Neville Wadia of the Wadia family. [4] Except for her brief tour to East Pakistan in 1954, she had not participated in politics since Independence. The Fatima Jinnah Colony in Karachi is the home of several ethnic groups and the Fatima Jinnah Park in Islamabad is one of the most popular wildlife parks of the city. The common interest between the 41 years old groom and 18 years old bride was their fondness of horse riding. In 1918, only weeks after her 18th birthday, Ruttie nominally converted to Islam, married the 42-year-old Muhammad Ali Jinnah, in an Islamic wedding, and cut all ties with her family and the Parsi community. Jinnah expected that after the birth of their child, Ruttie should stop behaving like a child herself and discharge the role of wife and mother in a more traditional mould. Mahommed Ali karim Chagla, who was Jinnah's assistant at the time, writes in his autobiography Roses in December: "Jinnah asked Dina ‘there are millions of Muslim boys in India, is he the only one you were waiting for?’ and Dina replied ‘there were millions of Muslim girls in India, why did you marry my mother then?’" His response to her was, "She became a Muslim. She chose to die on her birthday. He cannot be trusted with his words and actions. Our Beacon Forum is maintained by Administrator 1930: M. A. Jinnah used to say, “I am a national first, national second, and national last”, meaning that he wanted to work with Congress to liberate India from the British imperialism. Upon Rattanbai's death in February 1929, she closed her clinic, moved into her brother Muhammad Ali Jinnah's bungalow to look-after her niece Dina Jinnah and took charge of his house. [4], Jinnah had detached herself from the political conflicts that had plagued Pakistan after the founder's death. The orthodox religious political parties, including the Jamaat-e-Islami led by Maulana Maududi, which had repeatedly declared that a woman could not hold the highest office of a Muslim country, modified their stance and supported the candidature of Jinnah. There were four candidates: Ayub Khan, Fatima Jinnah and two obscure persons with no party affiliation. She sat down to thundering silence, but despite the palpable outrage and opposition, a matter which had become so public could not be undone, and Ruttie could not be persuaded to change her mind. 1919: The only child of M.A. In 2003, her nephew, Akbar Pirbhai, reignited the controversy by suggesting that she was assassinated. 1913: Officially joins the Muslim League upon returning to India. Their romance, however, started in Darjeeling, while the two were thrown together on a vacation by her unsuspecting family. The public was barred from attending the projection meetings, which would have enhanced Jinnah's image. "[25], Mohammed Ali Jinnah is seen as a very private person who hardly showed his emotions, but he is known to have wept twice in public, and both occasions were connected to Ruttie. They made for a head-turning couple, not just because they looked an unlikely mismatched pair, but also because Ruttie aspired to define the acme of fashion and money was absolutely no object. [23][24] She is buried next to her brother, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, at Mazar-e-Quaid, Karachi. Jinnah lived with her brother until 1918, when he married Rattanbai Petit. From All India Radio Delhi, he raises the slogan, "Pakistan Zindabad!" [19] It is believed that had the elections been held via direct ballot, she would have won. Mohammad Ali Jinnah did all three.” In 1923, he also helped Fatima Jinnah setup her own clinic in Bombay. Innumerable streets, institutes and localities in Pakistan are named after Fatima Jinnah. Having drawn his friend out to make a general statement in support of mixed marriages, Jinnah then made his proposal to marry his friend's daughter. 1921: The extremist Hindu movements of ‘Shanghatan’ (practicing martial arts) and ‘Shudhi’ (forceful conversion of all faiths to Hinduism) threaten to wipe out Muslims and Christians from the soil of India. At the very beginning of their marriage, Jinnah surrendered his home and his closet to her. [Prof Stanley Wolpert, University of California, in his "JINNAH OF PAKISTAN"] The Combined Opposition Parties consisted of five major opposition parties. When nothing works to fulfill his wishes, he goes on a ‘Maran Bart’ (Hunger-strike.) After his death, Fatima was banned from addressing the nation until 1951; her 1951 radio address to the nation was heavily censored by the Liaquat administration. Ruttie's father would shower her with gifts of books, clothes, pets, sweets, gourmet meals, and vacations to Europe or other parts of India where they owned homes. Jinnah found it convenient to keep Ruttie supplied with money - for which her appetite was enormous - if it would keep her reasonably happy and out of his way. The marriage of Pakistan's founder Mohammad Ali Jinnah with Rattanbai (Ruttie) Petit shocked India as it shattered all of society's unwritten rules and norms — he being Muslim and she being of Parsi descent. The electoral landscape changed when Jinnah decided to contest the elections for the president's office in 1965. Aug 14, 1947: The Hindu fundamentalist party RSS tries to assassinate Quaid-e-Azam as he is driven to the Government House at Karachi. He was also a philanthropist who aided the Zoroastrians of Iran who were persecuted by the Qajars. [14] Paying tribute to his sister, Muhammad Ali Jinnah once said: "My sister was like a bright ray of light and hope whenever I came back home and met her. That spring, while visiting Paris with her mother, Ruttie fell into an unexplained coma and almost died. [19] Yet, this did little in bridging the gap that had developed between Jinnah and Ruttie.[18][19]. In almost exactly the same way Sir Dinshaw Petit and Ruttie clashed, Jinnah too clashed with Dina over her desire to marry outside the Muslim community. He is considered the most respectable citizen of India at the age of 39. 1920: Mohandas K. Gandhi renames the working committee of the Congress, from Home Rule League to the Hindi "Suraaj Sabha." [7][8], Jinnah died in Karachi on 9 July 1967. Bombay, British India. [23], There is no official medical record stating the cause of her death, so there are many speculations that range from cancer to colitis. 6- *Chaudhry Rahmat Ali (1893-1951) a lawyer, stresses on Jinnah that Muslims in India will not accept crucifixion at the hands of Hindu extremists. The official cause of death was heart failure, but rumours persist that she was murdered at her house by the same group who killed Liaquat Ali Khan. Jinnah in London, "I can see a furious storm raging our way. Apr 15, 1948: His health continues to decline. [12], The Parsi community was very outraged at not only Ruttie, but also her parents. [12], Her legacy is associated with her support for civil rights, her struggle in the Pakistan Movement and her devotion to her brother. She was allowed to completely furbish the house exactly the way she liked it. July 26, 1943: A 30-year-old tall and stout man, Rafiq Sabir of Allama Mashriqi’s ‘Khaksars’ movement, who foolishly desired to make a Pakistan all over India, tried to assassinate Quaid-e-Azam with a dagger. That infatuation had worn out, and Jinnah found the demands made on him onerous and vexatious. June 3, 1947: Quaid-e-Azam gives the great news of freedom to Indian Muslims. She proclaimed Ayub Khan to be a dictator. Many years after her death her very close friend and confidant, Kanji Dwarkadas, told Syed Shahabuddin in 1968 that Ruttie committed suicide by deliberately overdosing on sleeping medication. In addition to the estrangement from her own family, Ruttie was also ex-communicated from the Parsi Community with extraordinary measures and censure, and a complete ostracization from their social gatherings. [11] She remains one of the most honoured leaders in Pakistan, with nearly half a million people attending her funeral in Karachi. The baronet was shocked beyond words; he had never imagined anything other than a benign paternalistic relationship between his friend and his daughter. Her family chose the latter, but Lady Dinshaw strived to be a part of her granddaughter's life, and was able to do so after Ruttie and Jinnah separated. [4], Elections were held on 2 January 1965. 1918: Jinnah married the beautiful "Flower of Bombay," Rattan Bai Dinshaw. 4- Rise to Political Heights: Her death is subject to controversy, as some reports have alleged that she died of unnatural causes. The Parsi Rattan Bai embraced Islam before marriage. In regard to Jinnah's wardrobe, Jinnah knew she had an eye for fashionable clothes, and allowed her to not only buy and coordinate his suits but also style his hair. 1940: Quaid-e-Azam introduces his English newspaper "DAWN" to fight anti-Muslim propaganda. [13], The Jinnahs resided mainly at South Court Mansion in Malabar Hill, a stone's throw from Petit Hall. The historians Hormasji Maneckji Seervai and Ayesha Jalal has claimed that Jinnah wanted a united South Asia. She was the only daughter of businessman Sir Dinshaw Petit, the second baronet of Petit, and his wife Lady Dinabai Petit. She is a constant source of help and encouragement to me. Two months later, on 19 February 1929, Ruttie fell unconscious in her room at the Taj Hotel in Mumbai. The extremist Hindu movements of ‘Shanghatan’ (practicing martial arts) and ‘Shudhi’ (converting all faiths to Hinduism) are threatening to wipe out Muslims and Christians from the soil of India.” Iqbal follows through to Jinnah, “Don’t you think that time has come for you to lead the vulnerable masses into their own free homeland?” If we stay still, the Muslims will be destroyed and even Islam would cease to exist in India. Her continuing irresponsibility, self-absorption and elfin childishness were no longer charming but had turned irksome to him. She drew enormous crowds in all cities of East and West Pakistan.

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