Prospectors had already found rich placers at Bannack and Alder Gulch 70 miles to the south and at Dry Gulch near the present day City of Helena. The Blue vein system also produced significant quantities of ore. A combination of geologic circumstances produced a mineral wealth that made hundreds of men rich and, more importantly, gave high-paying jobs and opportunities to thousands and thousands of immigrants from much of the rest of the world. Mineral specimens of apatite have also been found as gemmy pink blue crystals from the Leonard and East Colusa mines. Silver typically occurred in mines of the northern, western and southwestern margins of the district. In 1882 the district produced nine million pounds of copper. Most recently Jenkins and Lorengo (2002) summarized Butte history, geology and mineralogy in the Mineralogical Record, Butte issue in 2002 (figure 3). Mineralogical Record - Butte Special Issue, Enargite with Chalcopyrite coating - Butte. Historically the site has been associated with the Butte Mining District which is now part of the Deerlodge National Forest. ARCO soon closed the underground mines and by 1983 all operations had ceased. “This Butte is capriciously decorated with sweet brilliant metallic orgies of color at any time, all times, as if by whims of pagan gods lightly drunk and lightly mad” (Mary MacLane, 1917). Nearly all the early ore production at Butte came from an east-west striking vein system and more frequent northwest striking veins. Djurleite – According to the authors, djurleite mineral specimens are seldom recognized. comm. During the 1980s, the population declined before stabilizing around 32,000 in the early 1990s. Hollywood may have had The Terminator, but Butte had The Liquidator. Crystals of Chalcocite are usually dark grey with a bluish to purple iridescence. Among mines of queer names and stories are the "Wake Up Jim," "R. A. M.," "Wano-Wato," "X10U8," the alleged Pontius Pilate group on Holy Cross mountain and so forth. In 2001, despite a 49% interest from ASARCO, with huge domestic resources, operations again ceased (Jenkins & Lorenzo 2002) and re-opened in 2003 with rising metal prices and continue today. The worst hardrock mining disaster in the United States took the lives of 168 miners at the Granite Mountain mine, June 8, 1917. As such, most prized mineral specimens from Butte are likely to be sulfides. Producing copper ore, the mines here literally connected America to itself and the rest of the world. Considering that flipping insults into compliments characterize the city’s defiant survival instinct, the name becomes even apter. Parents don’t have the monopoly on the unusual. The mine was worked from around 1879 to 1910, with a depth of only about 1,200 feet. Its heritage stems from a melting pot of cultures attracted to the town during the rise of the copper industry in the 1800s. In 1883 production leaped over 250%. If you could take a trip back in time to Butte at the turn of the last century and even before, you would find countless names of yesteryear mines, many of which can only be described as a bit odd. The central tectonic block has been a zone of recurrent subsidence and tensive deformation since Precambrian. Mines with a celestial theme included Moonlight, Morning Star, North Star, Quarter Moon, Rising Star, Rising Sun, Star West and South Star. It preserves and interprets the Orphan Girl Mine while it also re-creates a fanciful Hell Roarin’ Gulch, with the townscape filled with both moved historic buildings and modern interpretations of the mining camp that existed in Butte in the late 19th century. In the 1920’s Anaconda expanded into end-use fabrication of copper and acquired several other mining interests including the largest copper deposit in the world, Chile’s Chuquicamata mine. By 1871 the placers had been worked to the limit of the water available and the area was nearly deserted except for a few dreamers who continued working on the veins. Bornite – Bornite crystals were relatively common at one time. this link for help enabling javascript in your browser. The veins had a tendency to become dilated in the zones where strike changed accounting for many of the bonanza deposits (Meyers, 1968). The mile-high basin, just west of the Continental Divide, caught the attention of gold prospectors in the 1860’s. As for girls, Alora, Kinsley, Paloma and Saerah are just a few of the examples. Privacy | Terms & Conditions In many cases, the originals can be served in a few minutes. In 1983 the remaining operations were terminated. Chris Van Laer, 2012). the Prints and Photographs Reading Room. Sphalerite is the only zinc ore and was present in all major Anaconda and many Blue veins. Rusk, B. G., Reed, M. H., and Dilles, J. H. “Fluid Inclusion Evidence for Magmatic-Hydrothermal Fluid Evolution in the Porphyry Copper-Molybdenum Deposit at Butte, Montana” Economic Geology, v. 103, n. 2, (2008) p. 307-334. 5:00 at 202-707-6394, and Press 3. Butte marches to its own drum compared to other cities in Montana. Birth of a Daredevil. Nonetheless, Butte now entered its third phase of mining – the copper industry. 1 (2002). such as microfilm or copy prints? And we mean that in the most literal sense: the moniker shows up on license plates, in advertising and even PBS documentaries. Even the language is localized, with colloquial speech including the plural ‘you’ pronounced as “you’s.”. There were several mines in Meaderville, including the Rarus Mine. The newspaper included information on an odd-named mine called the No You Don’t Mine. Mining in the 1970’s at Butte was at the mercy of problems abroad with Anaconda. Miners going underground at the Anaconda Mine. Rickard, T. A. This created a financial crisis within Anaconda, and as a result, in 1975 underground operations ceased. The outer or Peripheral zone was nearly absent of copper but heavily mineralized in sphalerite and rhodochrosite with supergene native silver and smaller quantities if acanthite, stephanite, and the ruby silvers; proustite and pyrargyrite. advise you in both how to fill out a call slip and when the item can be served. Coal mining emerged in earnest during the 1880’s and 1890’s. Summer Music Lineup: Five Must-See Montana Festivals. Specimens of bornite exhibit the “peacock” tarnish, are generally purplish brown to bluish black. The Leonard Mine's air-powered hoist is featured in this postcard. 33, No. {{start_at_rate}} {{format_dollars}} {{start_price}} {{format_cents}} {{term}}, {{promotional_format_dollars}}{{promotional_price}}{{promotional_format_cents}} {{term}}, Watch now: Biden and Trump face off in their final debate, Halloween rich in history, lore and tradition, 18 deer test positive for chronic wasting disease, Smallmouth bass found in Shields River; FWP asks anglers to remove the fish, Are you washing your bedding often enough? This marked the end for Butte after 120 years of mining (Jenkins & Lorengo, 2002). then {{format_dollars}}{{start_price}}{{format_cents}} per month. Acanthite – Mineral specimens from Butte must be rare as only historical reports are mentioned in the summaries. Issues are still available at the Mineralogical Record. https://www.loc.gov/item/mt0129/. In 1902, 17 to 20% of all US copper production came from Butte. It is 1 mi long by 1⁄2 mi wide with an approximate depth of 1,780 feet. By 1888, the Montana Central reached Butte and in 1893 the Northern Pacific. These days you can’t help but notice some of the quirky names bestowed on newborn babies and wonder — “Why in the world did they pick that name?”. With the foresight to realize the future for Butte was brightening, not fading with depth as many of his contemporaries feared, he bought the Anaconda prospect. The mineral occurred in all three zones, especially intermediate zone. Ultimately, it is the researcher's obligation to assess copyright or other use restrictions and obtain permission from third parties when necessary before publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in the Library's collections. Instead of offering the usual fare like pizza and burritos, restaurants advertise pasties and breaded pork chop sandwiches. Documentation Compiled After. This marked the beginning of Butte’s successful episode into silver mining and by 1878 $900 thousand was made on silver bullion. Although Butte is surrounded by mountains, it didn’t stop some from naming two after the oceans of the Pacific and Atlantic. Figure 1 Butte Ore Vein system Veins in bold are Anaconda veins (E-W), Blue Veins are lighter and trend northwest after Evans, A. M. (1980). On Dec. 17, 1905, the Butte Miner did an extended piece on the Butte mines for their Christmas edition. 1, New York, AIME, v. 2, p. 1363-1416. Adjoined to the Cora Mine in Walkerville was the Wild Bill Mine. No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted. Shortly thereafter, numerous claims were located and Butte was transformed into the leading mining district of Montana Territory. The Missing Link was alive and well, and working in Butte, and there were also two “wild and crazy guys” — Wild Bill and Wild Pat. At one time owned and operated by the Raven Co., the Snoozer Mine was anything but boring. It was so successful that the GBP block caving development was limited to the work completed by 1958. It contains many excellent color mineral photos and several historical photos of the Butte mines. color or tint (assuming the original has any), you can generally purchase a quality copy of By this time the Utah & Northern rail lines connected Butte with the Union Pacific out of Ogden, Utah. The east-west vein system is collectively called the Anaconda system and was the first of the large veins to become mineralized as evident by the offsets caused by the later NW veins.

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