pp. [p. The final collapse at the turn of the century of the military power of the Zande was the result of the introduction of firearms... Zande shields on display in the Upper Gallery of the Pitt Rivers Museum, University of Oxford. He entered Zande territory for the first time on 24th February 1858, while on his fifth such expedition, visiting the villages of Mundo, Kangamboo and Baranj. As E. E. Evans-Pritchard recorded in the northern Congo, male Zande warriors between 20 and 30 years of age routinely took on young male lovers between the ages of twelve and twenty, who participated in intercrural sex and sex with their older partners. iv. Evans-Pritchard describes four types of shield: borrowed from the Amiangba, but comments that other sources replace the last two terms with the terms, (Evans-Pritchard 1971, p. 183 to 185). With the appearance of the colonial powers - the British in the north, the French in the west and the Belgian in the south - the 'irritating rule' of the Zande was consciously destroyed. A very fine shield of reeds and palm-tree leaf (Neam Nam) - see U.S. 19, and book [Petherick 1861], page 456". The so-called gbilija, made of particularly thin and closely woven wicker, were carried by the highest dignitaries, who kept to the rear and were never found in the forward lines during battle. This may be a device to prevent wear on its base. The powerful Zande were regarded as a martial master race. Collected by John Petherick in the Southern Sudan in 1858. Oval wicker shield. 13. p. See also J. This example dates from around 1880 and is typical for its braided patterns which can be seen as high rank. The name Zande is a collective term for a large number of tribes which in the last century were incorporated into the territory of the Zande, and which adopted their language and customs. 176). Wickerwork patterns enabled warriors at night to distinguish between friend and foe. In order to prevent the flaring up of an occasional feud among this tribe, colonial governments sometimes forbade the carrying of weapons or even prohibited the manufacturing of shields. In the centre of the interior is a wooden handle …' (p. 481). Copyright 2020 Authentic Africa.com. The Zande shield, however, protected two-thirds of the body, and when a man crouched behind it, as he did if a spear or knife was aimed high, his body was fully covered. Consul, Khartoum, Soudan, p. See also the section of the Shields and Objects, Anthropology and Museums website on Zande shields, which includes an image of this object on display, reproduces the 1874 catalogue entry for the item, and shows images of its front and back views - http://pittweb.prm.ox.ac.uk/Kent/misc/introset.html. 79, insert] 33 [end insert] - 68 - Large oblong-oval shield of fine wicker-work, with yellow patterns on black.

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